Yeah it seems Touya was not abused by Endy the same way Shoto was.
But that didn't mean he didn't suffer from the situation.
He was raised as a miracle by his father the first 8/9 of his life. Endeavor wanted to create the perfect child to surpass All might and was mad about that. He gave his child this goal and train him to do that.
Imagine being told over and over during all your youth that you will surpass All might, that you are the pride of the Endeavor family, seeing your father becoming mader and mader about AM etc. And obviously Touya was compelled by that, lot of sons considers their fathers as heroes but here this is Endeavor the number 2, the great and powerful hero, you want to make him proud.
And then your father, even if it's for your own good, tell you to stop because it's too dangerous for you. Touya, and a lot of children, would have heard : "you're not good enough". And then wonder boy Shoto came to "replace" him.
Even if it is not true, how come Touya didn't feel jealousy toward Shoto. The way Endeavor raised him and what happened after that can only lead to resentment and jealousy, and Touya was barely 10/12.
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And Touya witnessed Endy hitting Shoto, so Endy did it at young age with Shoto.