Modern neuroscience hasn't shown shit. They all avoid these topics because they've gotten nowhere. Quantum mechanics allows for a non-deterministic universe, so your point is moot. You're applying classical thinking but at the lowest level that's not how reality works.
We have no idea how consciousness emerges.
Cogito ergo sum is an ontological question. The "theory of everything" is an empirical physical question. Completely different domains.
There is no "artificial intelligence" anywhere at the moment. Techbros scamming people with LLMs to boost their stocks and wealth while stealing and compiling your data is not intelligence of any kind and is most certainly not conscious.