Only Yuji or Kenjaku can be stronger, but Kenjaku can't really beat Kashimo due to his Open Domain's nature so he likely loses and Kashimo dies after the fight is over
Open barrier Domains are actually the worst counter to Kashimo.
Kashimo uses Hollow Wicker Basket (same as Reggie) to counter Domains & Reggie got exposed hard v. Megumi's joke of an open barrier domain.
Imo, Kenjaku & Yuta surely beat Kashimo.