He never lost consciousness. If the Jailer beasts can get back up from being KOed multiple times and they aren't even fully awakened zoans, then I'm sure a fully awakened Zoan whose still conscious would recover much quicker.
They recover differently for different levels of damage. How long you'd take to recover depends on how much damage you take, not based on whether you remained conscious or not. Lucci got up from Luffy's attacks seconds after getting hit while I can bet after Zoro's attack, Lucci won't be ready to fight for a while. Perhaps, the whole arc will end without Lucci getting any action. That's a complete and utter defeat.
The beasts were defeated by Luffy before they eventually recovered. You don't refrain from calling a defeat a defeat just because peeps can recover from attacks unless they recover immediately and continue the fight, which Lucci evidently can't do. What if he got KO'ed and then got up after ten seconds? You'd call it a defeat. But if you're not unconscious and still take hours if not days to recover, that's not defeat?