Well, I remember quite some, for example
- The Quran speaking of pulsating stars, which is seen as evidence for the Quran talking about Pulsars
- The Quran talking about the development of the Embryo
- The Quran supposedly talking about the shape of the earth
- The Quran talking about the separation of saltwater and freshwater
There should be a few more which I do not remember right away, you may name the miracles you deem most convincing.
When it comes to those miracles, my issues with it are,
1) they are formulated very vaguely, 2) sometimes they contradict other verses, 3) they are partially flawed, like the description of the embryo's development and 4) The knowledge the Quran supposedly holds, was more or less formulated by people before the Quran being established, 5) the Quran has, according to my interpretation at least, many other errors. Logically, no matter how many "miracles" the Quran has, if you can find even one error, it would debunk the entirety of the Quran, since how could the message of god itself contain erroneous statements about the world. And if you claim he made those errors on purprose to deceive, how could you objectively judge that this book comes from god itself, what would you base this on.
That is my personal interpretation of course. Ironically, there are quite some Muslims who left Islam saying that the things in the Quran don't add up, and that's even though they were biased towards the Quran.
I'll start of with one example that has, very recently, blown my mind and then I will continue with other examples. Of course, if you claim contradictions to any of these proposed examples, feel free to quote the contradicting verses:
- Abu Laheb - While the revalation was still in it's infancy, the following verse was revealed to Muhammed, concerning Abu Lahab and his wife (staunch enemies of Muhammed at the time):
"The power of Abu Lahab will perish, and he will perish. His wealth and gains will not exempt him. He will be plunged in flaming Fire, and his wife, the wood carrier, will have upon her neck a halter of palm-fibre" (111:1-5)
In this verse, both Lahab and his wife are condemned to hellfire, in other words Allah confirms that they will never accept Islam. And while this prophecy was made, Muhammed was still living in Makkah, just as Abu Lahab did. Abu Lahab used to torment him daily, trying to dissuade others from joining Muhammed and Islam in any way possible. I say this to make the following point - Abu Lahab was aware of most things that were revealed to Muhammed since these revalations were becoming public.
The only thing he had to do to prove Muhammed wrong, to prove the Quran fake, was to accept Islam. And I do not mean with his heart. But just with words. A loud nad public declaration of faith would have proved the Quran a falsehood before it was even revealed in its entirety.
Alas he did not do that. And he and his wife both died as unbelievers.
- Mountains as stakes (pegs) - Nowadays it is a widely known fact that the uppermost layer of the Earth's crust floats upon a fluid-like layer of magma. Basically, our earth’s second layer which is molten and fluid-like is spinning over the inner core which is solid (because of Pressure) and then the crust where we live, it actually floating on the mantle as it is also like a thick viscous fluid. The first and uppermost layer Crust in oceans is 5-10 Km thick and in continents 25-50 Km thick. But continental surfaces are almost 80 km thick below great mountain ranges. The depths of the mountain strata go as far down as 200 km. These are the strong foundations on which mountains stand.
This is what the Quran has to say about that, 1400 years ago:
"Have We not made the earth as a wide expanse (Resting Place)
And the mountains as pegs?"Surah Naba 78: 6-7
- The Big Bang and the expansion of the universe -
in 1912, the American astronomer, Vesto Slipher, made a discovery that would soon change astronomers’ beliefs about the universe. Slipher, noticed that the galaxies were moving away from earth at huge velocities. These observations provided the first evidence supporting the expanding-universe theory.
In 1916, Albert Einstein formulated his General Theory of Relativity that indicated that the universe must be either expanding or contracting. Confirmation of the expanding-universe theory finally came in 1929 in the hands of the well known American astronomer Edwin Hubble.
By observing redshifts in the light wavelengths emitted by galaxies, Hubble found that galaxies were not fixed in their position; instead, they were actually moving away from us with speeds proportional to their distance from earth (Hubble's Law). The only explanation for this observation was that the universe had to be expanding.
As for the expansion of the universe, the Quran says this:
“And the heaven We created with might, and indeed We are (its) expander.” (51:47)
Soon after Hubble published his theory, he went on to discover that not only were galaxies moving away from the Earth, but were also moving away from one another. This meant that the universe happened to be expanding in every direction, in the same way a balloon expands when filled with air. Hubble’s new findings placed the foundations for the Big Bang theory.
The Big Bang theory states that around 12-15 billion years ago the universe came into existence from one single extremely hot and dense point, and that something triggered the explosion of this point that brought about the beginning of the universe. The universe, since then, has been expanding from this single point.
Later, in 1965, radio astronomers Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson made a Noble Prize winning discovery that confirmed the Big Bang theory. Prior to their discovery, the theory implied that if the single point from which the universe came into existence was initially extremely hot, then remnants of this heat should be found. This remnant heat is exactly what Penzias and Wilson found. In 1965, Penzias and Wilson discovered a 2.725 degree Kelvin Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation (CMB) that spreads through the universe. Thus, it was understood that the radiation found was a remnant of the initial stages of the Big Bang. Presently, the Big Bang theory is accepted by the vast majority of scientists and astronomers.
The Quran says the following regarding this phenomenon:
“Have those who disbelieved not considered that the heavens and the earth were a joined entity, then We separated them, and made from water every living thing? Then will they not believe?” ( 21:30)
A commentary on that verse says the following:
- "
Arabic words ratq and fataq are used. The word ratq can be translated into “entity” “sewn to” “joined together” or “closed up”. The meaning of these translations all circulate around something that is mixed and that has a separate and distinct existence. The verb fataq is translated into “We unstitched” “We clove them asunder” “We separated” or “We have opened them”. These meanings imply that something comes into being by an action of splitting or tearing apart. The sprouting of a seed from the soil is a good example of a similar illustration of the meaning of the verb fataq."
I will later continue with those ones you brought up in your original response. I have to water my garden now
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I'll continue on now:
- Embryology and the journey of the sperm -
I'll be honest, my own knowledge of embryology is quite limited to high school biology classes. So, I'll refer to this video which goes through the process, described both in modern scientific terms as well as in the Quran:
- Pulsars -
I had to look up what they are in detail and found a cool video where you can HEAR a pulsar. Pretty neat:
Anyway, Pulsars emit a knocking sound that can be picked up by strong radiotelescopes (such as in the linked video).
This is the Holy Quran's description of them:
And the heaven and the "Knocker" How could you know about the "Knocker"? The piercing star. 86: 1-3
١ وَالسَّمَاءِ وَالطَّارِقِ
٢ وَمَا أَدْرَاكَ مَا الطَّارِقُ
٣ النَّجْمُ الثَّاقِبُ
Tarek الطَّارِقُ" means the one who knocks. The Arabic word "Thukb ثقب" means a hole; "Thakeb ثَّاقِبُ" means the one who makes a hole. The Quran is describing a knocking star that makes a hole.
Pulsars are rotating neutron stars. As more matter falls into a neutron star its mass increases, and as its mass increases its gravity increases. But gravity is curvature of spacetime. A neutron star distorts spacetime. The more matter falls into a neutron star the more distortion it makes. A point will be reached where distortion would have grown so much that it makes a hole in spacetime.
In my next response I'll tackle the last two points you made and make one other important point in regards to these revalations and their timing